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   There are several materials and combinations of materials that can be used for an engine bearing, depending upon the application. Apart from the basic function of reducing friction between a moving part of an engine-crankshaft or camshaft and it's associated sup
-port surface - the engine bearings have to meet seven other characteristics - fatigue strength, conformability, embedability, seizure -resistance, corrosion resistance, temperature - strength, and thermal conductivity - characteristics which assume criticality depen
-ding upon the bearing application.

   Asiatic Bearing Co. manufactures bearings from a variety of bearing materials described bellow. Each bearing material has its own peculiarities which define its field of application.

 

  • Steel Backed White Metal (Babbitt)
  • Steel Backed Straight Copper-Lead Alloy
  • Aluminium-Tin Alloy
  • Solid Aluminium Alloy
  • Solid Bronze

 

 

STEEL BACKED WHITE METAL (BABBITT)

(i) Steel Backed Tin Based Babbitt (White Metal)

This is a very popular and historical bearing material. It contains 90% Tin as matrix with Antimony & Copper as alloying elements. It has excellent properties of embeddability, conformability & resistance to seizure. However, its application are very much restricted by its low load carrying capacity. White Metal Bearings are extensively used in Turbine, Electric Motors, High H.P. Marine Engines, Petrol Engines and other applications such as Camshaft Bushes, Thrust Washers auxiliary drive shaft bushes, etc.

(ii) Steel Backed Lead Based Babbitt (White Metal)

This is Lead based Babbitt containing 90% Lead and has similar properties as Tin based Babbitt but is softer than it. Lead based Babbitt have one disadvantage that they are prone to corrosion at higher operating temperatures. Beside this limitation, they are equally good as Tin based Babbitt and can substitute them in most of applications. Camshaft Bushes of allmost of all engines are of Lead based material due to their excellent conformability.

 

 

 

STEEL BACKED STRAIGHT COPPER-LEAD ALLOY

There are various kinds of copper-lead alloys according to the applications as well as load carrying capacity.

(i) Half Bearings - 'SL' (Copper-Lead)

Half bearings made from copper-lead alloys containing a high percentage of lead and almost no tin are comparatively softer and therefore there is no necessity of soft, overlay plate on there bearings. this material is built specifically for intermediate loaded engines and offers goods embeddability and conformability.

(ii) Thrust Washers (Copper-Lead)

Thrust washers are manufactured from copper-lead alloys having medium to high percentage of tin. As such these are hard and possess high fatigue strength, high resistance to wear and corrosion which make them very popular for thrust washers.

 


(iii) Bushes (Copper-Lead)

Bushes are manufactured from various types of copper lead alloys according to the load carrying capacity. Main bearing bushes and camshaft bushes of stationary engines are manufactured from copper-lead alloys having low percentage of tin. But small end bushes, rocker arm bushes etc. are manufactured from copper-lead alloys having high percentage of tin. These materials posses high fatigue strength, high resistance to wear and corrosion which make them very popular for bushes.

 
 

(iv) Copper-Lead Alloy with Overlay (CopperLead)

There are various kinds of copper-lead alloys according to the different proportions of Copper : Lead : Tin. These alloys, when plated, have higher load carrying capacity than white metal and straight copper-lead alloys. These alloys in unplated condition, however have poor embeddability, conformability and resistance to corrosion.

These drawbacks are eliminated by the use for thin electro deposited white metal overlay on intermediate copper-lead alloy. The overlay are either lead-tin or lead-tin-copper and having a thickness of around 0.001". These overlays are very soft and have excellent embeddability, conformability and corrosion resistance without impairing higher fatigue strength of inner copper-lead-tin alloy.

 
 

 

ALUMINIUM-TIN ALLOY

This is steel backed 20 % reticular tin-aluminium alloy bearing. Engineers and users believe it to be the finest extra-heavy-duty bearing made today.
Since long time, increased compression ratios of diesel engines have brought sharp increases to journal pressures whilst the bearing area need to support these journals has actually decreased.

Copper-lead bearings are still accepted for moderate bearings loads but may not withstand under pounding of most of today's engines. However, aluminium-tin bearings will withstand under the most rigorous operating conditions because it has a combination of properties found in no other type of bearings.

 

 

SOLID ALUMINIUM ALLOY

This aluminium-tin alloy usually contains 6% tin, 1% copper and 1% nickel. This material is used to manufacture thrust washers. This is ideal substitute for bronze items for higher loads.

 

 

SOLID BRONZE

This are various types of bronzes which are used for the manufacture of solid bushes. This material is usually used for the manufacture of those which are very thick and cannot be developed in steel backed construction.